Is polling part of forecasting?
Yes, usually a major input, but never the whole thing.
Polling measures who is ahead today; forecasting estimates who actually wins, and the gap between them is where people lose money.
A poll is one input. A forecast takes the polls, adjusts for house effects and sampling error, layers in turnout and rules and time left, and outputs a probability. That is why a candidate up 6 in the average can sit at 54¢, the forecast already knows how often a lead that size evaporates.
The classic retail loss is reading a poll lead as a near-lock and backing the favorite at terrible odds. Understanding why a forecast discounts that lead, uncertainty, time, turnout, is the difference between paying up for a favorite and finding actual value.
Yes, usually a major input, but never the whole thing.
Sampling error, turnout, late swings, and electoral rules all chip away at a raw lead.
No. It is about reading forecasts and event probabilities.